Y693 - Net Exporter Countries of Crude Oil (2024)
Below is the official list of third‑country net exporter countries of crude oil (based on 2024 data) that benefit from the presumption that petroleum products (CN 2710) imported from them into the EU were obtained from domestic crude oil, not from Russian crude — unless competent authorities have reasonable grounds to suspect otherwise. This list is taken from the European Commission’s sanctions FAQ on the oil import ban (last update 29 October 2025).
(Imports from these countries are presumed not to be derived from Russian crude)
- Afghanistan*
- Albania
- Algeria
- Angola
- Antigua and Barbuda*
- Argentina
- Azerbaijan
- Bahamas*
- Barbados*
- Belize*
- Bhutan*
- Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
- Brazil
- Burkina Faso*
- Burundi*
- Cabo Verde*
- Cambodia
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic*
- Chad*
- Colombia
- Comoros*
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Djibouti*
- Dominica*
- Ecuador
- Egypt
- Equatorial Guinea
- Fiji*
- Gabon
- Gambia*
- Ghana
- Grenada*
- Guatemala
- Guinea*
- Guinea‑Bissau*
- Guyana
- Iraq
- Islamic Republic of Iran
- Kazakhstan
- Kiribati*
- Kuwait
- Lesotho*
- Liberia*
- Libya
- Malawi*
- Maldives*
- Mali*
- Mauritania*
- Mexico
- Mongolia
- Mozambique
- Myanmar
- Nigeria
- Oman
- Palau*
- Papua New Guinea*
- Qatar
- Republic of Moldova
- Republic of the Congo
- Saint Kitts and Nevis*
- Saint Lucia*
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines*
- Samoa*
- Sao Tome and Principe*
- Saudi Arabia
- Seychelles*
- Sierra Leone*
- Solomon Islands*
- Somalia*
- South Sudan
- Sudan
- Timor‑Leste*
- Tonga*
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Tunisia
- Turkmenistan
- United Arab Emirates
- Vanuatu*
* Countries for which only aggregated data across multiple countries is available; they are treated as net exporters for the purposes of the presumption.
How the Presumption Works
- Petroleum products imported from these net‑exporting countries are presumed to be produced from that country’s own crude, and therefore not derived from Russian crude oil.
- This presumption can be rebutted by customs authorities if there are reasonable grounds to believe the products were actually obtained from Russian crude (e.g., disproportionate imports or refined blends with Russian origin).
Notes
- This list is updated annually based on International Energy Agency net trade flow data.
- Even for net exporters, authorities may still ask for documentation if they suspect the presumption does not hold in specific cases.
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